Saturday, February 22, 2020

Managerial decisions Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Managerial decisions - Term Paper Example More revenue will be generated at a lower cost of production, which is an additional advantage to the company. Contract workers are paid less money than full time employees, and this will be a great advantage to the company as a whole. Introduction According to Kotler & Armstrong (2004), the elements of supply and demand in business are interrelated, and in some cases, they also affect the price of a certain market offering. However, in this case it is assumed that the price is constant and the aim is to establish how supply can be increased in order to meet the rising demand of certain goods without offsetting the prevailing market trends. Economically, if the demand for a certain product increases, then its supply also increases. This relationship will be illustrated using a supply curve later in the paper. Therefore, this paper seeks to explain in detail the relationship between supply and demand in detail and show how this can affect managerial decisions. In some cases, managers need to make decisions that do not affect the viability of the organization in the long run, trying to meet the rising demand for a certain product. ... products offered in the market remains the same, but this issue of the rising demand has to be addressed in order to cater for the needs of customers, who are valuable to the organization. It is also assumed that this increase in demand may not be permanent, and hence the need to put effective measures that do not impact negatively on the operations of the organization. Therefore, the main question to be answered in this case is: Should our company hire temporary or hire new workers to handle the increase in demand for our products? Essentially, there is a need to maintain production costs at a lower level while increasing the supply of the product offered by the company. This is meant to ensure that the company remains viable and that it is also able to operate profitably since the price is not going to change in this particular case. The only thing that will change is the supply of the products offered. An increase in supply entails that more sales are likely to be generated. This also means that more revenue will be realized from the operations of the organization. As such, a holistic approach has to be taken in order to make sure that the workers who are going to be hired will not greatly increase the operational costs, which may impact the viability of the organization. Factors or costs There are various costs that need to be taken into consideration when making managerial decisions that have economic implications on the operations of the organization. Hiring temporary workers impliedly means that the company will not incur a lot of labour costs because of the following reasons: The organization has the autonomy to determine the wage rate of the contract workers. The company does not have the burden of paying fixed salaries to these workers since this may increase

Wednesday, February 5, 2020

Hollywood Masculinity in the Reagan Era Research Paper

Hollywood Masculinity in the Reagan Era - Research Paper Example The hard body status was no more only for the heroes but also for the common American individuals. The people liked to see the movie stars in such personas and attempted to identify themselves as a result. From the very early days of filmmaking, movies used to convey strong political and moral messages. Movies had the power of reshaping the whole society and the higher authorities were quick to realize that. That made them create a censorship so that they could control what the public was watching. Ronald Reagan was himself an actor in the past and the public could not help but link his presidency to his acting days. He was largely identified by the roles that he had played in his movies. However, in reality, it is very difficult to find a link between his politics and his acting days. As of Reagan himself, his marriage was once seen as a typical marriage in Hollywood. But with the passage of time, as Reagan’s daughter recollects, Reagan had and lesser contribution to the fami ly decisions than his wife. When the couple broke up, Reagan remarried and formed a tradition of being masculine both at home and at the office. Also, Reagan’s political messages became more gendered. After the Vietnam War, the American society seemed to have become effeminate. Reagan ideology attempted to restore the lost sense of masculinity. Moreover, the restoration of masculinity seems to be limited to white men. Black men have not been an active part of this hard body movement. However, there are some exceptions. In the movies of the Reagan era, masculinity has been a dominant subject. These movies displayed the male body in a manner that emphasized on masculinity. These bodies were â€Å"the indefatigable, muscular, and invincible masculine body [that] became the linchpin of the Reagan imaginary.† (Jeffords, 24, 25) The action adventure movies became a norm and the display of hard bodies like Sylvester Stallone and Arnold Schwarzenegger epitomized the same. One of the most convincing embodiments of hard body virtues is the character of John Rambo. The movie series has such a thumb print on the genre of action movies that every subsequent action movie is compared to it. The original character of Rambo from David Morrell's 1972 novel is more of a sympathetic monster who is bound to destruction because of his actions. Prior to Rambo Series, there were not many movies that promoted masculinity. Even Alfred Hitchcock’s movies had limited masculinity. According to Peberdy, â€Å"†¦both Hitch and his clientele represent a softer side of masculinity, offering on the one hand additional insight in the ‘permeation of a discourse of masculinity crisis during the 1990s and 2000s.† (7) In the movie, First Blood, Rambo is made heroic and the police play the role of villains. Rambo is never directly responsible for the death of any of his pursuers. Being a veteran of the Vietnam War, Rambo is both physically and psychologically d isturbed. He keeps up the appearance of being unaffected by the war but from the inside, he is torn apart. The character is played by Sylvester Stallone who is very a good physical specimen. Rambo goes through great physicality in the movie. He suffers a lot physically but shows great endurance to physical pain. In First Blood, he falls through pine trees from a height and one of the pine branches rips his arm. He screams in pain for a moment but as a vindictive policeman,

Tuesday, January 28, 2020

Mass Media for Environmental Awareness

Mass Media for Environmental Awareness Perspective of pollution and use of mass media in environmental awareness for The Upper Lake: A case study Introduction South Asia, home to over one-fifth of the world’s population, is facing a growing water crisis. This region is in the grip of continuing flood and drought cycles, dictating the need for a long-term strategy for management of its water resources. Big and small water bodies, in the form of lakes and reservoirs, dot the landscape of South Asia. These ecosystems impound precious freshwater, and are the most easily-accessible source for human use. Historically, major cities in this region flourished in geographical regions with assured water supplies that sustained civilization for centuries (Kodarkar Mukerjee, 2006). Unfortunately, the last half of the 20th century has witnessed large-scale degradation of the environment in general, and water resources in particular, due to multiple anthropogenic factors such as unprecedented population growth, and consequent urbanization, industrialization and chemical intensive agriculture. Among the first victims of this degradation process were the lakes and reservoirs in the vicinity of urban areas that underwent large-scale pollution due to sewage and industrial effluents and toxic chemicals. In most cases, nutrient enrichment led to eutrophication of water bodies (Edmondson 1991), and exhibiting negative manifestations such as: Loss of water-spread area because of siltation and construction activities; Continuous algal blooms; Excessive growth of macrophytes (e.g, water hyacinth) and loss of biodiversity; and, Water quality degradation There also are drastic alterations in the morphometry (the process of measuring the external shape and dimensions of landforms, living organisms, or other objects) and water-holding capacity of lakes and reservoirs, due to inflow of silt, dumping of garbage and reclamation activities. The process has been further aggravated by encroachments and unauthorized construction activities in the catchment and on the lakebed. Compared to rural areas, the impact of this degradation is more severe in urban areas due to their high population densities. Because of the ecological, economical and recreational potential of lakes, there is an urgent need to protect, rehabilitate and conserve them as precious natural resources. Objectives This case briefly examines how these issues have been addressed for the Upper Lake of Bhopal, a part of the Bhoj Wetland, and the use of various media tool in environmental awareness for The Upper Lake, the Bhojtaal. Method Case study method is an approach that emphasizes detailed contextual analysis of a limited number of events or conditions and their relationships. Various researchers have used the case study research method for many years across a variety of disciplines. Journalists and media persons, in particular, have made wide use of this qualitative research method to examine contemporary real-life situations and provide the basis for the application of ideas and extension of methods. Researcher Robert K. Yin defines the case study research method as an empirical inquiry that investigates a contemporary phenomenon within its real-life context; when the boundaries between phenomenon and context are not clearly evident; and in which multiple sources of evidence are used (Yin, 1984, p. 23). The present study, in this regard, used case study approach to the problem identified as above. For addressing the problem, secondary database from multiple sources have been used. The sources for the data collection were libraries, internet blogs, journals and books. Results and Discussion Available literature indicates that, in India, construction of storage reservoirs is an age-old practice. Former rulers contributed significantly by constructing large numbers of impoundments for providing drinking water to the people in their cities. This was particularly necessary in arid, semi-arid and other regions with highly erratic rainfall. The Upper Lake of Bhopal, arguably the oldest among the large man-made lakes in the central part of India, falls in this category. This lake was created in the early-11th century by King Bhoj by theParmaraRaja Bhojduring his tenure as a king of Malwa(1005–1055), by construction of an earthen dam across the Kolans River, a rain-fed tributary of the Betwa River. He is also said to have established the city of Bhopal (also named after him, then as Bhojpal) to secure the eastern frontier of his kingdom. There is a legend why the built the lake. The story behind creation of Bhojtaal According to an old story, once king Bhoj suffered from skin disease and allVaidyas(Doctor in English) failed to cure him. Then, one day asainttold the king to build a tank to combine 365 tributaries and then have a bath in it to wipe out the skin disease. Bhoj called upon his engineers to build up a huge tank. They spotted a place near riverBetwa, which was 32km away from Bhopal. It was found that it has only 359 tributaries. AGondCommander Kalia fulfilled this shortage. He then gave the address of an invisible river. After merging the tributaries of this river the number 365 was completed. The lake was created by constructing an earthen dam across the Kolans River. An eleven gate dam called the Bhadbhada damwas constructed at Bhadbhada in 1965 at the southeast corner of the Lake, and now controls the outflow to the river Kaliasote. The Upper Lower Bhopal lakes, collectively known as Bhoj Wetlands, are urban water bodies. The upper lake is a major source of potable water for the people of the city of Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. The lower lake was constructed much later on the downstream of the dam of Upper lake. The eastern catchment of Upper Lake is urban whereas the western catchment is rural in nature. The Lower Lake is surrounded from all sides by human settlements. Economic Value The Upper Lake is a source of potable water and meets 40% of the demand i.e. 29 MGD of drinking water for the city’s growing population. Its fishing rights have been given on long lease by the BMC to a fisherman co-operative consisting of some 500 fishermen families. The Lower Lake is mainly a recreational site. The livelihood of 250 washer-men families belonging to socio-economically weaker sections of the society is dependent on the Lower Lake. Table 1: Details of the Bhojtal (Upper Lake) and Lower lake Environmental issues surrounding Bhojtaal According to various sources referred, the major issues concerning the environment of the lakes are as described below (table 2): Table 2: The Problems and causes surrounding pollutions in Bhojtaal. Problems Causes Reduction of storage capacity of lakes Inflow of silt and organic materials from urban and rural catchments along with monsoon runoff and dry weather flow. Addition of clay and non-biodegradable materials through immersion of idols. Obstruction to smooth flow through the spill channel of the Upper Lake resulting in a threat to the stability of the earthen dam. Constriction of the spill channel due to deposition of silt. Increase in seepage through the earthen dam of Upper Lake Improper maintenance and growth of vegetation over the dam had caused dislocation of stone lining of the dam Deterioration of water quality Inflow of untreated sewage from habitation. Dumping of Municipal wastes not collected by the Municipal Corporation. †¢ Dissolving of paints in water during immersion of idols. †¢ Run off of chemical fertilizers from the catchment. †¢ Activity of washing of cloths by people resulting in release of detergents. †¢ Leakage of oil during motor boating and cruise movement Flourishing growth of invasive aquatic plants †¢ High Nutrient load of lakes due to inflow of sewage and agricultural wastes. Reduction of water spread area. †¢ Encroachment on the lake fringe area which gets exposed when water level falls after rains. Environmental Pollution and impurities Caused by garbage thrown carelessly, empty bottles, throwing of food stuffs remained carelessly and diesel released by boats. Impurities are drawn in the lake coming out from the colonies, hotels and resorts and causes water pollution. Medical waste thrown in the lake Media tools used for awareness generation Media tools and materials developed and used for public awareness programme towards creating awareness of environmental pollution and its impact on Hoardings at Strategic locations Publications of special bulletin (Tal Sandesh to create awareness regarding diversion of Idol immersion activities). Advertisement in news papers regarding project actions. Communication through TV/Radio. T-Shirts/Caps showing massage of Save Bhopal Lakes used by the students/volunteers involved in awareness campaign. Stickers having various slogans for lake conservation were used sparingly to communicate the massage. The analysis of various literature reveals that several Public awareness programme and educational materials developed were developed like use of street theatres, Rallies, open forum discussions, workshops, seminars, Lectures and Audio-Visual shows, organizing various fairs, Mera Taal Mera Bhopal on World Environment Day, Jheel Mahotsav (in 2014), etc. Apart from all the above, big media houses participated in awareness generation activities to save the upper lake. Dainik Bhaskar’s Jalsatyagrah campaign was a big event in this regard. This Jalsatyagrah campaign is carried out by Dainik Bhaskar Group in many cities on regular intervals. The campaign includes activities like road shows, public meetings, awareness educational programes in schools and residential areas. Mobile exhibition demonstrating a working model of roof water harvesting is also organized in various cities. Dainik Bhaskar and other media groups like Dainik Jagran, Ptrika, etc. carries out special stories columns in its group newspaper on water conservation. Advertisements are also released on regular basis to create awareness about water conservation. In addition, Bhaskar Foundation has restored many village ponds in Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. Di-silting has been carried out with the help of public participation Conclusion In the developing countries, where financial resources are limited for infrastructural development, implementation of conservation plan for the conservation of a wetland system like Bhoj wetland is unique. It has tried various innovations both in case of application of technology and for taking help of public by the use of various IEC (Information, Education, and Communication) tools. Involvement of the public with the project, in part to solve the religious and social issues, is worth emulating in these parts of the world. Further, the use of various mass media tools have come out as innovations that has turned out as a positive change for the people of Bhopal and the lake itself. Bibliography Anonymous, (2004). Completion Report of Public Participation and Awareness Campaign under Lake Bhopal Conservation and Management Project. Detailed Project Report of Dredging and Desilting of lakes. (1998). Bhoj Wetland Project. Fateh, A.L. (1982). Our Environment. National Book Trust of India: New Delhi Kodarkar , M. S., Mukerjee, A. (2006). Bhoj wetland, Experience and lesion learning brief. Madhya Pradesh lake conservation authority, Bhopal, India, pp.1-2. Mukerjee, A. (2000). â€Å"Religious Activities and Water Pollution: Case Study of Idol Immersion in Upper and Lower Lakes of Bhopal.† Paper presented in World Lakes Session, 2nd World Water Forum in The Hague, Netherlands. Mukerjee, A., P.K. Nandi A.K. Bajpai. (2000). â€Å"Dynamics in Bhoj Wetland, Bhopal.† Paper presented at the 20th Annual International Symposium of the North American Lake Management Society, Madison, USA. Pani, S., B.J. Khan P.K. Nandi. (2002). â€Å"An analysis of effectiveness of restoration measures in the improvement of water quality of Bhoj Wetland.† In the Proceedings of the International Conference on Hydrology and Watershed Management, Hyderabad, India. Postel, S. (1984). â€Å"Water: Rethinking management in an age of scarcity.† World Watch Paper 62. Subrata, P. S.M. Misra. (1993). â€Å"Impact of hydraulic detention on the water quality characteristics of a tropical wetland (Lower lake).† In Pankaj Srivastava (ed.). Environmental pollution and its management. Tekale, N.S. (2003). â€Å"Idol immersion: A critical analysis of environmental impact on urban lakes and remedial measures.† In the Proceedings of the UGC-sponsored National Conference on Urban lakes: Environmental status economics and management options, Hyderabad, India Yin, R. K. (1984). Case study research: Design and methods. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Zafar, A.R. (1959). â€Å"Taxonomy of lakes.† Hydrobiologia 13(3): 187-299. Indu B. K. Upadhyay1

Monday, January 20, 2020

Binge Eating in Bulimia Nervosa Essay -- Causes of Bulimia, Eating Di

In our Western society, we have several different types of eating dysfunction, all of which are unique and tragic in their own right. Despite their individuality, however, they all have several overlapping symptoms that are key to their classification and severity. For Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and Binge Eating Disorder (BED), one of the core features is binge eating, which can be defined objectively by number of calories eaten in a given time or subjectively by the feelings of the binger. Binge eating has many different aspects that are of interest to scientists and clinicians alike. One of those interests has to do with the reduction of this symptom among populations being treated for their respective disorder. Because both disorders are relatively new to the scientific and clinical world, there is much debate over how to treat, define, and possibly distinguish this phenomenon between the two disorders. For the purpose of this review, I intended to examine the evidence for the best outcomes, both immediate and long term, for reduction of binge eating in these disorders. Clinicians treat BN and BED in several different ways, some of which are more effective than others, especially at reducing the core symptom of binge eating. Although many treatments exist, those most researched in terms of treatment outcome are interpersonal therapy (IPT), cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), behavior therapy (BT), and pharmacological therapy. These treatments are not designed to simply treat binge eating; instead, they are used to treat the whole of the disorder. However, by understanding the workings of the therapy and differences in treatment outcomes among core features, science can expand upon its understan... ...ee Psychological Treatments. Archives of General Psychiatry, 52: 304-312. Fairburn, C. G., Jones, R., Peveler, R. C., Carr, S. J., Solomon, R. A., O’Connor, M. E., Burton, J., Hope, R. A. (1991). Three Psychological Treatments for Bulimia Nervosa. Archives of General Psychiatry, 48: 463-469. Peterson, C. B. & Mitchell, J E. (1999). Psychosocial and Pharmacological Treatment of Eating Disorders: A Review of Research Findings. Journal of Clinical Psychology, June: 686-697. Walsh, B. T., Wilson, G T., Loeb, K L., Devlin, M. J., Pike, K. M., Roose, S. P., Fleiss, J. & Waternaux, C. (1997). Medication and Psychotherapy in the treatment of Bulimia Nervosa. American Journal of Psychiatry, 154: 523-531. Wilfey, D. E., Cohen, L. R. (1997). Psychological Treatment of Bulimia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder. Psychopharmacology Bulletin,33(3): 437-454.

Sunday, January 12, 2020

A Frail Economy Raises Pressure on Iran’s Rulers

The news slated in New York Times dated February 3, 2008 regarding gas shortage on a very cold winter days of modern Iran is a manifestation of the growing decline of local government insufficiency to regulate multinational corporations.â€Å"Iran’s natural gas shortage became a crisis when Turkmenistan, to the north, cut off supplies in December over a pricing dispute. Iran does not have the refining capacity to meet its own needs (Slackman 2008)†.Iran’s leaders became vulnerable when its cities experiences blackouts and homes left without heaters for days and weeks.   Women and students being arrested, magazines publications being shut down had questioned the stewardship of the Iranian president by its religious leader.   This is such a bad time for the in convent president racing a March 14 election when the cities are in chaos.The event that is happening with Iran is an example of an economic crisis being encountered worldwide.   However, it is ironic b ecause they seemed not to get hold of what they have, they export oils which run electricity but due to market trade Iranians are deprived of what truly belongs to them.Equitable sharing of wealth seems to have been neglected instead capitalist instigated a maximum return on investments.   Political elites dialogue on revolutionary ideology and seemingly accept defeat that running a country like Iran is difficult (Slackman 2008).   This is something we fear about, a kingdom divided among them cannot thrive.   History keeps repeating itself, civilizations ends when a place is defined only by individuals.As for now we cannot point our fingers on anyone but it is good to analyze where the culprit came from.   What is happening in Iran is a consequence of globalism.   The same way as it affects the Ogoni people in Nigeria and the rest of developing regions and poor countries of the globe.   For these reason a 20/20 hindsight vision must be implemented between capitalism and equality.   For it is an old idiom that the ends do not always justify the means.Radical and extreme solutions may be imposed by the governance to solve the crisis but the big question is whose governance?   For a country whose people are afraid of retribution, these pious poor may be found stiff dead one day.Some contemporary forerunner of anti-globalism is Manfred Steger, the author of the book Globalization: A New Market Ideology.   He pointed out that influence of supranational bodies decreases the ability of governments to regulate capitalist or multinational corporations. As of now fifty one among the 100 top corporations of the world are the wealthiest multinationals.   These companies are funded and supported by the WTO and IMF.Steger also discussed in his writings on how the protagonist of this culture uses these new market trends for the acceptance of the general public.   It is purely hedonistic in culture wherein equality is subject to a chosen few.   He said that globalization is globalony.   It is nonetheless the civilization of consumerism wherein market trades or trends are preferred more than the benefits of mankind.   This scenario limits the choices of man which is not only derogatory but contrary to the free act of man.Owen Wiwa’s brother Ken a physician was hanged when he lead the people for MOSOP a movement for the Ogoni people for survival in 1990 against Shell Corporation.   It was a battle of removing the oil extraction and refineries which was a detriment to public health and safety.   Today the refineries were gone except for the pipelines and people which ended up of not getting paid.Anyone or anything that gets in the capitalist was must be extinguished or removed at all costs.   Owen now continues what his brother have started and talking to some young students taking up law that ten years from now they may be working with these big corporations or with their governments, he asked them that they could make a big influence and by then it will be up to their conscience if they will choose to protect the benefit of man rather than the material things which must only be used to benefit humanity.Equality is difficult to attain when the least is put aside.   The world will seem to be an arena of struggle of the fittest that only the strong can command and will live.We’ve always knew that there is no equality when there are prejudices.   If the giants remain and we allow them to take over the rest, what would our society be in the next few years?   If our technocrats and legislators only think of the future of these wealthy corporations disregarding human values and dignity, how much sufferings would be encountered all over the world?This present generation must be concerned with the upheaval of this new trend: Globalization in the cloak of consumerism and materialism, capitalism versus equitable distribution of wealth, and the lost of dignity of labor. In our own ways we m ust scrutinize how we apply our daily living into the use of these material goods.   Do we became enslave to them or does it help to serve mankind?   Our proposition must always be that man lords the earth and not enslaved by it.We need to bond strongly with one another against any corporate rule that is inhuman and too greedy.   Like Steger and the Wiwa brothers we must struggle too in putting our best efforts to see to it that the goods of this earth are equitably shared by all races of mankind.   We must stop all efforts which sponsors expensive armaments in support of terrorism and enriching uranium plants for the so called â€Å"peace purposes†.The planet is not yet too old, it is only beginning to see the next third generation of the fastest technology.   We hope to see a better world where everyone has the chance to improve his ways and live life to the fullest.ReferencesMichael Slackman 2008, A Frail Economy Raises Pressure on Iran’s Rulers, New York Times, [Electronic Version].   Retrieved 04 February 2008 from,   

Saturday, January 4, 2020

The Outline Of Attachment Theory By Mary Ainsworth

Within the outline of attachment theory, Mary Ainsworth was the first to provide a detailed description of maternal sensitivity. Maternal sensitivity is a mother s ability to perceive and understand the meaning behind her infant s behavioral signals, and to respond to them quickly and appropriately. In study with 73 mothers and their second-born child, stability and main-level differences between measures of maternal sensitivity across settings and over time were studied. Maternal sensitivity was considered at three and six months during bathing, free play on mother’s lap and the starting point and gathering episode of the Still Face Paradigm. Harsh discipline was predicted by maternal sensitivity at three months, which was fully mediated by maternal sensitivity at six months. The widespread attention for sensitive parenting behavior is certainly not without ground, since many studies have shown major relationships between maternal sensitivity and a variety of positive o utcomes such as secure attachment, self-regulation, social functioning, and cognitive competence. What started with Ainsworth’s elaborate full-day observation developed into more well-organized methods used across a variety of settings ranging from natural daily routines to play and stress-encouraging patterns. In the current study they aim to investigate maternal sensitivity in infancy in different situations in terms of mean-level differences, interrelations, three month stability, and theShow MoreRelatedRelation: Infant Mother Attachment and Eating Disorders1510 Words   |  7 Pagescorrelate the links between infant mother attachment and eating disorder behavior. Throughout this paper the two main theorists that are looked at are Mary S. Ainsworth and John Bowlby. Mary S. Ainsworth’s framework of attachment theory began in Uganda, while studying individual difference in infant behavior, which is known as the Strange Situation. John Bowlby coined the theory of infant mother attachment based on object relations psychoanalytical theory and the conceptualization that infants needRead MoreWomen s Influence On The Field Of Psychology864 Words   |  4 Pagesour pioneers, Mary Whiton Calkins, who sat her PhD but was never awarded it, Margaret Washburn, being the first women to be aw arded a PhD and Christine Ladd Franklin. Since these women made their breakthrough there has been more and more women contributing their knowledge to many areas in psychology such as, Anna Freud, who became influenced by her father’s theories and created her own theories in psychoanalysis. Karen Horney who contributed a substantial amount to the personality theory and later becameRead MoreThe Theory Of Development Concepts And Applications By William Crain1076 Words   |  5 Pagesso many beautiful observations.   Our text Theories of Development Concepts and Applications by William Crain  outlines human development by many theorists.   A few of those are  John Bowlby,  Mary D.S. Ainsworth,  and  Ã‚  Erik H. Erikson.   I couldn t help but reminisce about the stages of my own children’s  growth while reading the work of Bowlby, Ainsworth and Erikson.   I remember having my  young children with me when ever it was possible, but what attachments to them might I have  missed while I  was busyRead More1. Outline Mary Ainsworth’s ‘Strange Situation’ Study and Discuss How This Has Influenced Our Understanding of the Importance of a Child’s Attachment to the Primary Caregiver.1523 Words   |  7 PagesOutline Mary Ainsworth’s ‘strange situation’ study and discuss how this has influenced our understanding of the importance of a child’s attachment to the primary caregiver. In 1970 Mary Ainsworth expanded greatly upon Bowblys original work and devised an experiment called the Strange situation. The study focused on the behaviour ,in relation to attachment, of infants who were 12-18 months of age when their mother left the purpose built lab play room. The infants were watched through video camerasRead MoreThe Theory, Ego Psychology, And Attachment Theory1483 Words   |  6 PagesDrive Theory, Ego Psychology, Object Relations, Self Psychology, and Attachment Theory are different vistas from which we can observe and study human development. I have decided to explain mine from the perspective of Attachment Theory, whose main contributors include John Bowlby, Mary Ainsworth, and Mary Main. However, before doing so, it would be useful to outline a bony framework and define certain key concepts of Attachment Theory, which focuses on the relationships and bonds between people--particularlyRead MoreBowlby s Attachment Theory Stages Of Developmental1894 Words à ‚  |  8 PagesBowlby’s attachment theory Winnicott’s stages of developmental The following essay will aim to explore two developmental theories. It will also look at how they have become relevant in counselling and psychotherapy practice, how they should be helpful and offer support when a presenting issue occurs from a client, and how the counsellor will work in partnership with the client. The chosen theories are based on John Bowlby’s attachment theory and David Winnicott’s developmental theory. Bowlby JohnRead MoreMechanisms Of Attachment And Its Effects On Infants Across Their Life Span2492 Words   |  10 Pagesdue to attachment relationships (Ainsworth, 1978). This paper will attempt to critically address this central developmental debate and will further analyse the mechanisms of attachment and their effects on infants across their life span. These mechanisms include cognition, emotion and biology. However before critically evaluating these mechanisms it is necessary to offer a definition of attachment and to outline some approaches of attachment theorists in order to gain context in how attachment theoryRead MoreThe Development of Attachment Essay1435 Words   |  6 PagesThe Development of Attachment 1. Outline the development of attachment According to Shaffer, the development of attachment can be divided into four main phases. Other researchers have then added two additional stages to this original theory.  · Pre Attachment Phase – from birth to 3 months. From 6 weeks the baby develops an attraction to other humans, especially adults in preference to other objects. This can be illustrated through social behavioursRead MoreApplying Theory1698 Words   |  7 PagesRunning head: APPLYING THEORY Applying Theory Dinah M. Creamer University of Washington-Tacoma Human Behavior and the Social Environment TSOCW402-Theodora A. Drescher November 24, 2008 OUTLINE This paper will focus on problems commonly linked to adolescents and their formation of relationships by applying attachment theory. INTRODUCTION PART ONE: Development milestones and tasks in adolescents (ages 13 to 18 years) †¢ Attachment experiences †¢ Trust Read MoreThe Importance Of A Childs Form Of Attachment And The Effects It Can Have On Their Development2031 Words   |  9 Pagesdiscuss the importance of a child’s form of attachment and the effects it can have on their development. I will also look in depth at Uri Bronfenbrenner’s work on the Ecological systems of human development to gain insight into how social and cultural influences can impact behaviour. Furthermore I will look at a range of behaviours that Tracy has shown, as a result of her family upbringing and how Susie’s drug misuse may have had an impact on their attachment and led to Tracy showing signs of resilience

Thursday, December 26, 2019

The Tragedy Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald

Even though dawn had now broke and the sun began to make its way through the land of the Danes, the sinister laugh from the unsightly creature remained to haunt the minds of the survivors. Thirty men the monster murdered. The creature’s attack was cold-blooded in that it took place after every man was sound asleep and undefended. A few fortunate ones fell in their slumber while the less fortunate perished from the brutish beatings of the beast. His escape painted over the grounds of the misty forests and hills and lay a direct, crimson path to the creatures retreat. Of those lucky to have not slept in Herot, the lands finest mead hall, the most thankful was one of Hrothgar’s leaders, Aeschere. His choice of sleeping in his home was greatly affected by his son’s recent coming of age. Aeschere’s time had become his sons for he needed his father s mastery to become a mighty warrior like his father. Aeschere, chief warrior Hrothgar’s kingdom, was tasked with his remaining men to restore Herot’s beauty from the previous night s attack. The blood of the thirty men that coated the interior of Herot would prove to make the jobs of the grieving difficult. Any joy or festivity from the night before could not be found anywhere in the lord’s land that morning. Hrothgar, lord of the Danes, grieved the most of the men for he knew of no solution for his newfound problem. Word of Grendel, killer of Danes, spread through the breaths of the lord’s people. The naivety of Aeschere’s son putShow MoreRelatedThe Tragedy Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1607 Words   |  7 PagesThe couples were spinning in their lavish dance illuminated by the soft glow of the strung lanterns during the unknown last quiet moments of peace before everything was thrown into chaos. Thunder-like crashes and the scream of an antagonized soul filled the still moments from mere seconds before. Chaotic screams and frantic callings of loved ones names rang through the lost silence. People needing assurance that their loved ones were alright, to know that misery hadn’t come into their lives againRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald895 Words   |  4 PagesZoe felt the Jetranger slow and then come into a hover position. It slowly rotated until the nose was aligned with the major axis of the island. From the right-hand side of t he helicopter, in the aftermath of the driving wave, Zoe watched a ferry and several assorted boats capsize. Passengers floundered in the water none in life jackets. The lucky ones found debris to cling to, while a few hardy souls swam strongly, divesting themselves of excess clothing in an attempt to survive. The wave overwhelmedRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1693 Words   |  7 PagesThe high priestess was nowhere to be seen. The once noble and beautiful woman, someone he had denied help and compassion, consigned herself to darkness for nearly three years now; insanity and hate etched in her mind and heart. Merlin felt partly responsible for her cruel deal of fate. But still, he couldn t ignore her choice to walk this path either. Could it all have been different if he hadn t denied her? Hadn t listened so ardently to the advice of an admittedly older and wiser creature thanRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1081 Words   |  5 Pages   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sybil Isabel Dorsett, a shy, twenty-two-year-old substitute teacher, became an interesting case, when the Sybil came into a mental health facility complaining of severe memory loss that resulted in unknown store bought items, â€Å"waking up,† in strange place, and severe social anxiety that again resulted in a loss of time, and memory, blackouts, and emotional breakdowns, in public places. What was first thought to be hysteria, turned into another problem, after experiencing some of the patientsRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Arthur The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1607 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Absolutely. Whatever you want.† â€Å"You said a few models backed out. Does that mean you’ll pose, too?† Merlin chuckled. â€Å"Erm, no. I’m too gangly for the calendar. They’re looking for men like you, solid and fit. Gwaine and Percival agreed to pose.† â€Å"Great,† Arthur drawled, picturing his friend Percival’s perfect body, looking like it was sculpted from pure marble, posing for the cameras, while Arthur shuffled in, not even half as toned. Then he thought of the awful word â€Å"euthanasia† again and remainedRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Movie The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay1163 Words   |  5 PagesI sat across the booth from Luke. I looked at him with a pessimistic glare, judging him for the old, tattered sweatshirt he wore on our date to what used to be our most beloved diner. Every disinterested move he made towards me felt like a dagger to the chest; each comment or shrug he gave proved again and again that he had given up on our relationship a long time ago. The fire was gone—he felt nothing. And for some reason, there were six words that came back to mind and my mouth again and again:Read MoreThe Tragic Tragedy Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1489 Words   |  6 Pa gescouch, was hardly uncommon. Consequently, movies and television grew to bear great weight in regards to their influence in my life. I recall watching reruns of Seinfeld, smothered in blankets with a box of tissues beside me, on days I was sick and had stayed home from school. And though years ago, I can still remember quite a few episodes almost perfectly, one of which being â€Å"The Lip Reader† – an episode that, in great jest, challenged the â€Å"it’s not you, it’s me† romantic trope. But sitcoms didn’tRead MoreThe Influence of Fitzgerals Personal Life on The Gerat Gastby1035 Words   |  5 PagesThe Influence of Fitzgerald’s Personal Life on The Great Gatsby Many authors find inspiration through real life experiences and transform them into works of literature to match how they want to portray them. Fitzgerald is no different, in fact, his personal life is a crucial factor in his writing style. Fitzgerald grew up with increasing numbers of difficulties, but found his way around them and incorporated those experiences into his novels. In order to achieve his goals, he began changingRead MoreThe Valley Of Ashes In The Great Gatsby Analysis1569 Words   |  7 Pages In the novel, The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald,the author uses The Valley of Ashes as a symbol of the tragedy of the middle class, death, and hell in order to show that the poor citizens of America live a tragic life. The reader is first introduced to the dirty, impoverished Valley of Ashes when Tom Buchanan brings the narrator Nick Carraway to meet his mistress, and is later used as a setting of tragedy. Nick first arrives in the Valley of Ashes when Tom forces him to meet Myrtle, his mistressRead MoreIllusion and Reality in The Great Gatsby Essay1548 Words   |  7 Pagesand Reality in The Great Gatsby  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚   The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, is a novel about one mans disenchantment with the American dream. In the story we get a glimpse into the life of Jay Gatsby, a man who aspired to achieve a position among the American rich to win the heart of his true love, Daisy Fay. Gatsbys downfall was in the fact that he was unable to determine that concealed boundary between reality and illusion in his life.      The Great Gatsby is a tightly structured The Tragedy Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald Sybil Isabel Dorsett, a shy, twenty-two-year-old substitute teacher, became an interesting case, when the Sybil came into a mental health facility complaining of severe memory loss that resulted in unknown store bought items, â€Å"waking up,† in strange place, and severe social anxiety that again resulted in a loss of time, and memory, blackouts, and emotional breakdowns, in public places. What was first thought to be hysteria, turned into another problem, after experiencing some of the patients, â€Å"hysteria.† Born, and raised in the suburbs of Dodge Center, Minnesota, to a very successful and well respected carpenter, and architect, Walter Mason, and an often described as, â€Å"bizarre,† stay-at-home mother, Martha â€Å"Mattie† Atkinson. Sybil seemed to have the all-American family, but reports sexual abuse at the hands of her well-respected mother, who was diagnosed with schizophrenia years before Sybil was born. A much respected art teacher at Col umbia university, Sybil often teaches art classes to university students. How many personalities does a single person have; one, two, three, four? Most people have only one but they have a lot of strong traits and hobbies they like to do. Don’t let that confuse you with the disorder of Multiple Personality Disorder. Many don’t know what this disorder is or how Shirley Adrell Manson is a huge part of it. A correct definition of multiple personality disorder is â€Å"a rare dissociative disorder in which two or moreShow MoreRelatedThe Tragedy Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1607 Words   |  7 PagesThe couples were spinning in their lavish dance illuminated by the soft glow of the strung lanterns during the unknown last quiet moments of peace before everything was thrown into chaos. Thunder-like crashes and the scream of an antagonized soul filled the still moments from mere seconds before. Chaotic screams and frantic callings of loved ones names rang throug h the lost silence. People needing assurance that their loved ones were alright, to know that misery hadn’t come into their lives againRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald895 Words   |  4 PagesZoe felt the Jetranger slow and then come into a hover position. It slowly rotated until the nose was aligned with the major axis of the island. From the right-hand side of the helicopter, in the aftermath of the driving wave, Zoe watched a ferry and several assorted boats capsize. Passengers floundered in the water none in life jackets. The lucky ones found debris to cling to, while a few hardy souls swam strongly, divesting themselves of excess clothing in an attempt to survive. The wave overwhelmedRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1693 Words   |  7 PagesThe high priestess was nowhere to be seen. The once noble and beautiful woman, someone he had denied help and compassion, consigned herself to darkness for nearly three years now; insanity and hate etched in her mind and heart. Merlin felt partly responsible for her cruel deal of fate. But still, he couldn t ignore her choice to walk this path either. Could it all have been different if he hadn t denied her? Hadn t listened so ardently to the advice of an admittedly older and wiser creature thanRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1086 Words   |  5 Pagesfor Grendel to attack once more. Aeschere awoke the next morning to the great news of Grendel’s defeat from the words of his men. He had chosen not to sleep in the hall with his men as he still felt great sorrow from simply thinking of the fateful hall. An appearance at the hall he did manage to make that day, but only to listen to another one of Beowulf’s speeches. In his speech he called for a huge celebration for his great feat of ridding the land of Grendel. And so like Beowulf said, a mightyRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Arthur The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1607 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Absolutely. Whatever you want.† â€Å"You said a few models backed out. Does that mean you’ll pose, too?† Merlin chuckled. â€Å"Erm, no. I’m too gangly for the calendar. They’re looking for men like you, solid and fit. Gwaine and Percival agreed to pose.† â€Å"Great,† Arthur drawled, picturing his friend Percival’s perfect body, looking like it was sculpted from pure marble, posing for the cameras, while Arthur shuffled in, not even half as toned. Then he thought of the awful word â€Å"euthanasia† again and remainedRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Movie The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay1163 Words   |  5 PagesI sat across the booth from Luke. I looked at him with a pessimistic glare, judging him for the old, tattered sweatshirt he wore on our date to what used to be our most beloved diner. Every disinterested move he made towards me felt like a dagger to the chest; each comment or shrug he gave proved again and again that he had given up on our relationship a long time ago. The fire was gone—he felt nothing. And for some reason, there were six words that came back to mind and my mouth again and again:Read MoreThe Tragic Tragedy Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1489 Words   |  6 Pa gescouch, was hardly uncommon. Consequently, movies and television grew to bear great weight in regards to their influence in my life. I recall watching reruns of Seinfeld, smothered in blankets with a box of tissues beside me, on days I was sick and had stayed home from school. And though years ago, I can still remember quite a few episodes almost perfectly, one of which being â€Å"The Lip Reader† – an episode that, in great jest, challenged the â€Å"it’s not you, it’s me† romantic trope. But sitcoms didn’tRead MoreThe Influence of Fitzgerals Personal Life on The Gerat Gastby1035 Words   |  5 PagesThe Influence of Fitzgerald’s Personal Life on The Great Gatsby Many authors find inspiration through real life experiences and transform them into works of literature to match how they want to portray them. Fitzgerald is no different, in fact, his personal life is a crucial factor in his writing style. Fitzgerald grew up with increasing numbers of difficulties, but found his way around them and incorporated those experiences into his novels. In order to achieve his goals, he began changingRead MoreThe Valley Of Ashes In The Great Gatsby Analysis1569 Words   |  7 Pages In the novel, The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald,the author uses The Valley of Ashes as a symbol of the tragedy of the middle class, death, and hell in order to show that the poor citizens of America live a tragic life. The reader is first introduced to the dirty, impoverished Valley of Ashes when Tom Buchanan brings the narrator Nick Carraway to meet his mistress, and is later used as a setting of tragedy. Nick first arrives in the Valley of Ashes when Tom forces him to meet Myrtle, his mistressRead MoreIllusion and Reality in The Great Gatsby Essay1548 Words   |  7 Pagesand Reality in The Great Gatsby  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚   The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, is a novel about one mans disenchantment with the American dream. In the story we get a glimpse into the life of Jay Gatsby, a man who aspired to achieve a position among the American rich to win the heart of his true love, Daisy Fay. Gatsbys downfall was in the fact that he was unable to determine that concealed boundary between reality and illusion in his life.      The Great Gatsby is a tightly structured The Tragedy Of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald The high priestess was nowhere to be seen. The once noble and beautiful woman, someone he had denied help and compassion, consigned herself to darkness for nearly three years now; insanity and hate etched in her mind and heart. Merlin felt partly responsible for her cruel deal of fate. But still, he couldn t ignore her choice to walk this path either. Could it all have been different if he hadn t denied her? Hadn t listened so ardently to the advice of an admittedly older and wiser creature than he, but one with an ultimate goal that he couldn t deny had also been more selfish in the past? It was no use, such questions would have to remain unanswered. What was done was in the past and couldn t be undone. He would just have to hope he†¦show more content†¦Upon a closer look, some of the creatures appeared to be alive. Cobwebs and dust was everywhere. It was a pitiful display, a miserable decline from the comfort and glamour of the chambers within Camelot, of Uther s pampered ward. He had no cause for hope, but if there was a chance of discovering anything about the bracelet, it would be within these appalling walls. Despite knowing it might be a long shot he looked everywhere, used his magic as feelers in the places he couldn t see. The rows of books against the north wall caught his eye. Most were magical, a few were contemporary, small reminders that she was once a part of the world of mortals. He lifted a tome with aged, bony hands, scanning them with lightning speed, only stopping at spells and incantations meant to cast love enchantments on objects or people. Nothing in the first, or the second book of magic. The third he couldn t even look at so dark was the presence hovering within its creased pages. He skipped it completely, not wanting to touch it unless the others held nothing of worth. Then the pages of the fourth tome stopped when the words gà ¡stlufe onsang screamed out at him, a love enchantment of the soul, one that awakened deep and buried feelings long lost and forgotten. That would fit, perhaps far too perfectly, Gwen having once cared for Lancelot, maybe even loved, but so far from being rekindled because of her true love for Arthur that Morgana would have needed